There are a number of different technologies, to make the devices that convert light into electricity used can be, and we will be to explore them in turn. There is always a balance between something like good works, and how much it costs to produce, and are the same for solar energy.
Take we solar cells, and we to larger units known as “Modules,” these modules together “These modules can be back together to form arrays connected.” Thus we see that there is a hierarchy, where is the smallest part of the solar cell.
Let us take on the structure and properties of the solar “cells”, but keep in mind, is to modules and arrays combined, the solar “cell” here are mechanically supported by other materials aluminum, glass and plastic.
Is one of the materials that can be made solar cells from Silicon-this is the material that you find in integrated circuits and transistors. There are good reasons for the use of Silicon; the next most common element on Earth is oxygen. When you consider that sand is silicon dioxide (SiO2), you realize that there many it out there!
Silicon can produce in different ways used photovoltaic cells. The most efficient solar technology is that the “monocrystalline solar cells,” these wheels Silicon are taken from a single, large crystal of Silicon. Since it a single crystal has a very regular structure and no breaks between Crystal grains and so it is very good. You can usually identity a monocrystalline solar cell, as it seems round or a square with rounded corners.
The reservations with this method type, as you will see is, that when a Silicon Crystal “has grown,” it complete a cross section of solar cell, which does not fit well with the production of solar cells produced as cells hard efficiently organize round are. The next type of solar cell, which we will look at also from Silicon, made is slightly different, it is a solar cell “polycrystalline”. Poly-crystalline cells are produced from solid silicon; the process used, produce the Silicon from which the cells are cut, is however somewhat different. This leads to “Square” solar cells. There are however many “crystals” in a cell polycrystalline, make them somewhat less efficiently, meet even though they are cheaper, with less to produce waste.
Now, the problem with silicon solar cells, as we, will see in the next attempt is that she all effectively “produced batch” which means they are produced in small quantities and are pretty expensive to produce. Also, as these “Slices” of Silicon cells are formed, they use a whole range of material, which means that they are rather expensive.
Now, there is another type of solar cells, so called “thin film” solar cells. Is the difference between these and crystalline cells instead of crystaline silicon, these chemical compounds are used Semiconduct. The chemical compounds are of a “substrate,” that is a basis for the solar cell has been defined. There are some formulations, not silicon, cadmium telluride and Copper Indium diSelenide (CIS). It is also a so-called “amorphous silicon,” where silicon on a substrate, but not in a single crystal structure, but as a thin film is deposited. In addition: instead of slowly to produce solar cells with a continuous process, can thin-film which they are produced much more cheaply.
However, the disadvantage is that, while cheaper thin film ones, solar cells of less efficient than crystalline counterparts.
Look at the merits of the crystalline cells and thin-film cells, we can see that crystalline cells that makes most produce for a given area. However, the problem with them, is that expensive in the production and right inflexible (as you can and change not only in the construction of panels of standard cell sizes or shape vary).
Efficiency of the different cell types:
Cell material EfficiencyArea to generate 1 KW peak power required
Monocrystalline silicon 15-18% 7-9 m2
Polycrystalline silicon % 13-16 8-11 m2
Thin film Copper Indium diSelenide (CIS) 7, 5-9, 5% 11-13 m2
Cadmium Telluride 6-9% 14-18 m2
Amorphous silicon 5-8% 16-20 m2
On the other hand, thin-film cells are cheap to produce, and the only factor limiting their form is the substrate, that which you are attached to.This means that you can create great and cells in different shapes and sizes, which can be useful for certain applications.
Now are we two different types of solar cells makes detailed view, it is a crystalline solar cells, and the other a thin-film solar cells. Both the experiments “illustrative” should be, rather than to make, actually form is that which you are attached to the substrate. The technology required to silicon solar cells is away from the home experimenter, so we will “show”, the process of how a solar cell, about things you find in your kitchen. For thin-film solar cells, we become an actual solar cell that responds to light with different electrical properties; However, the efficiency of our cell are very poor, and it will produce a useful amount of electricity not in the position.
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